Cryptography and Data Security
Cryptography protects information using mathematical transformations and keys.
Summary
Cryptography protects information using mathematical transformations and keys. Confidentiality prevents unauthorized disclosure, integrity concerns unauthorized alteration, authenticity concerns verified origin, and availability concerns timely access.
| Method | Key structure | Main role |
|---|---|---|
| Symmetric encryption | Shared secret key | Efficient confidentiality; AES is an example |
| Public-key cryptography | Related public and private keys | Encryption, signatures, or key establishment |
| Cryptographic hashing | No secret key | Fixed-length digest of arbitrary-length input |
Textbook RSA uses for encryption and for decryption. Modular congruence means that when divides . Practical RSA encryption requires secure padding such as OAEP.
🧠 Key Concepts
- Symmetric encryption
- Public key cryptography
- Modular congruence
- Cryptographic hashing
- Collision resistance
- Digital signatures
- Authenticated encryption
- Key management
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Cryptography and Data Security
📘 Overview Cryptography protects information through mathematical transformations controlled by keys. Encryption supports confidentiality, while authentication mechanisms and digital signatures help detect unauthorized changes and verify origin.
🧠 Key Idea Data security requires more than hiding a message: confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity are distinct goals. Secure systems combine appropriate cryptographic methods with careful key management.
⚔️ Core Details: - Symmetric encryption uses a shared secret key for encryption and decryption; AES is a widely used example. - Public-key cryptography uses a public key and a mathematically related private key for operations such as encryption, digital signatures, or key establishment. - Textbook RSA:
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Part of 🗄️ BS Information Systems — 1st Year
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